KORNBERG, ARTHUR

KORNBERG, ARTHUR
KORNBERG, ARTHUR (1918– ), U.S. biochemist and Nobel laureate. Born in Brooklyn, N.Y., Kornberg received his B.Sc. at City College, New York, in 1937 and his M.D. at the University of Rochester in 1937. After medical posts including an appointment with the U.S. Coast Guard, he started his scientific career in the Nutrition Section of the National Institutes of Health at Bethesda, followed by appointments at New York University with Prof. Severo Ochoa, Washington School of Medicine with Prof. Carl and Gerty Cori, and the University of California with Prof. H.A. Barker before becoming chief of the Enzyme and Metabolism Section at NIH. In 1953–59 he was head of the Department of Microbiology at Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, and subsequently head of the Department of Biochemistry at Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California. He had a major career interest in enzymes, substances which increase the rate of biochemical reactions, and nucleic acid control of heredity. Crick and Watson's work strongly indicated that DNA contains the genetic blueprint which is copied in newly formed, complementary DNA sequences through the process of base pairing. Kornberg and his colleagues verified this concept experimentally and discovered the first of the enzymes, polymerase I, which controls the process of DNA copying. These enzymes play a crucial role in modern biotechnology. For this work he received the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1959 with Severo Ochoa. Later he investigated the role of inorganic polyphosphates and their contribution to the evolution of life forms. His many honors include membership in the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and fellowship in the Royal Society. He had a profound interest in training scientists and in the application of science to medicine. (Michael Denman (2nd ed.)

Encyclopedia Judaica. 1971.

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  • Kornberg, Arthur — born March 3, 1918, Brooklyn, N.Y., U.S. U.S. biochemist and physician. He studied at the University of Rochester. In 1959 he joined the faculty at Stanford University. While studying how living organisms manufacture nucleotides, his research led …   Universalium

  • Kornberg , Arthur — (1918–) American biochemist Kornberg was born in Brooklyn, New York, and graduated from the City College of New York in biology and chemistry in 1937. He then studied medicine at Rochester University, gaining his MD in 1941. He joined the… …   Scientists

  • Kornberg, Arthur — (b. 1918)    US biochemist and Nobel laureate, 1959. After a career in the Public Health Service, Kornberg became professor of microbiology at Washington University, and later professor of biochemistry at Stanford University. He shared the 1959… …   Who’s Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament

  • Kornberg,Arthur — Korn·berg (kôrnʹbûrg ), Arthur. Born 1918. American biochemist. He shared a 1959 Nobel Prize for work on the biological synthesis of nucleic acids. * * * …   Universalium

  • Kornberg, Arthur — (b. 1918)    American biochemist. He worked in the public health service, later becoming professor of microbiology at Washington University; subsequently he became professor of biochemistry at Standford University. He shared the Nobel Prize in… …   Dictionary of Jewish Biography

  • Kornberg, Arthur — ► (n. 1918) Biólogo estadounidense. Fue premio Nobel de Medicina y Fisiología en 1959, compartido con Severo Ochoa, por sus trabajos sobre la síntesis de ácidos nucleicos. * * * (n. 3 mar. 1918, Brooklyn, N.Y., EE.UU.). Médico y bioquímico… …   Enciclopedia Universal

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  • Kornberg — Kornberg, Arthur …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Arthur Kornberg — (* 3. März 1918 in Brooklyn, New York City, USA; † 26. Oktober 2007 in Stanford, Kalifornien) war ein US amerikanischer Biochemiker. Zusammen mit Severo Ochoa erhielt er 1959 den …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Arthur Kornberg — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Arthur Kornberg Arthur Kornberg (Brooklyn, Nueva York, 3 de marzo de 1918 26 de octubre de 2007) fue un bioquímico estadounidense. Estudió Medicina …   Wikipedia Español

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